Background. Renal studies have a long tradition in nuclear medicine and are
available for routine use for more than 30 years. Their high clinical acce
ptance is mainly based upon the fact that they allow for quantitative evalu
ation of different functional parameters such as glomerular filtration, eff
ective renal plasma flow,or postrenal transport. The used methods are valid
ated by experimental as well as numerous clinical studies and are performed
throughout the world in a highly standardized way. Indications.
Indications are verification/exclusion of a disturbed renal function, detec
tion or evaluation of renal artery stenosis, and differential diagnosis of
urinary tract obstruction. Further diagnostic improvement might be achieved
by use of positron emission tomography which has the potential for absolut
e quantification of physiological parameters such as renal blood flow in mi
min(-1) . 100g(-1) tissue.