Chagas' disease can reactivate in patients with AIDS and present as a brain
mass lesion or an acute diffuse meningoencephalitis indistinguishable from
other opportunistic infections or neoplastic processes, such as toxoplasma
encephalitis or central nervous system (CNS) primary lymphoma. The CNS tum
or-like lesion is the most common manifestation of Chagas' disease reactiva
tion in AIDS patients. The prognosis of untreated cases is grim and undersc
ore the need for safe and effective therapeutic agents.