The health care environment of the past quarter century went through numero
us evolutionary processes that affected how occupational therapy services w
ere provided. The last iterations of these processes included requests for
the evidence that supported what we were doing. This year's Eleanor Clarke
Slagle Lecture (a) examines the strength of the evidence associated with oc
cupational therapy interventions-what we do and how we do it-(b) raises dil
emmas we face with our ethical principles when some of our practices are ba
sed an limited evidence, and (c) proposes a framework of continued competen
cy to advance the evidence base of occupational therapy practice in the new
millennium.