ESTIMATIONS OF MAUNDER MINIMUM SOLAR IRRADIANCE AND CA-II H-FLUX AND K-FLUX USING ROTATION RATES AND DIAMETERS

The total solar irradiance and Ca H and K fluxes (HK) for the Maunder minimum are estimated from scaling laws for solar-type stars using his torical solar rotation rates and solar diameters. We found that the ir radiance may be lower than modern solar minimum values by 1.23% in 168 3 and by 0.37% in 1715. The estimate for 1683 is substantially lower t han previously reported. Analysis of cosmogenic isotope records in ice cores and tree rings shows continuation of the Sun's magnetic cycle t hrough the Maunder minimum; therefore, we find the HK fluxes to be 0.1 61 for 1683 and 0.163 for 1715, compared with the modern solar minimum flux value of similar to 0.164. This suggests that the Sun never reac hed a noncycling state.