D. Diaz-sanchez et al., In vivo nasal challenge with diesel exhaust particles enhances expression of the CC chemokines rantes, MIP-1 alpha, and MCP-3 in humans, CLIN IMMUNO, 97(2), 2000, pp. 140-145
Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) enhance allergic inflammation by increasing
in vivo IgE and cytokine production in the human upper respiratory mucosa.
CC chemokines have been shown to play an important role in inflammation. We
examined whether DEP could alter the production of CC chemokines by cells
residing in the human nasal mucosa. At both 6 and 24 h following intranasal
DEP challenge, the levels of nasal RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, and MCP-3 were sig
nificantly elevated compared to baseline. In contrast, DEP did not enhance
levels of Eotaxin at any time, demonstrating that the action of DEP was not
simply a global effect on all CC chemokines. Challenge with saline resulte
d in no significant change in expression of any chemokine at any time. Chal
lenge with DEP also resulted in an increase in total cell counts in nasal l
avage fluids. Increases in lymphocyte, monocyte/macrophage, and neutrophil
cells were observed but there was no change in eosinophil cell numbers. In
contrast, there was a significant enhancement of ECP protein levels in wash
es performed 6 to 24 h after DEP challenge. Elevated specific nasal chemoki
ne expression following exposure to DEP likely participates in the inflamma
tion, cellular infiltration, and increase in IgE observed in the absence of
allergen. (C) 2000 Academic Press.