G. Fischer et al., Species-specific profiles of mycotoxins produced in cultures and associated with conidia of airborne fungi derived from biowaste, INT J HYG E, 203(2), 2000, pp. 105-116
Citations number
22
Categorie Soggetti
Medical Research General Topics
Journal title
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
The potential to produce mycotoxins and non-volatile secondary metabolites
was investigated for approximately 250 freshly isolated fungal strains. Amo
ng the eleven most relevant species, viz. Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus,
A. niger, A. parasiticus, A. versicolor, Emericella nidulans, Paecilomyces
variotii, Penicillium brevicompactum, P. clavigerum, P. crustosum, and P.
polonicum, a wide range of metabolites partly of toxicological relevance wa
s identified. Several unknown metabolites were found for the less frequent
species, which were primarily investigated for chemotaxonomic delimitation
from closely related species. The spectra of metabolites in conidial extrac
ts and culture extracts (containing also mycelium and medium) were compared
for a limited number of relevant fungi. Some mycotoxins, such as sterigmat
ocystin in Emericella nidulans, were not present in the conidial extracts,
though produced by most strains. Fumigaclavine C, tryptoquivaline, and tryp
acidin, characteristic for A. fumigatus, were found in conidial extracts, b
ut highly toxic compounds such as gliotoxin and fumitremorgens were not pre
sent. Finally, compounds such as cyclopenol, cyclopenin, and penitrem A bei
ng characteristic for certain penicillia, were found in conidial extracts a
nd are therefore assumed to occur in native bioaerosols.