Tm. Beam et al., Effects of amount and source of fat on the rates of lipolysis and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in ruminal contents, J DAIRY SCI, 83(11), 2000, pp. 2564-2573
Because the percentage loss of unsaturated fatty acids across the rumen has
varied considerably in previous in vivo studies, we conducted five experim
ents to identify potential factors that might affect the in vitro rates of
lipid lipolysis and biohydrogenation in ruminal contents. The factors exami
ned included the amount of fat added to the substrate, the source of added
fat, the diet fed to the donor fistulated cow, and the time of collection o
f inoculum from the donor cow. Lipolysis and biohydrogenation were expresse
d as the rates of disappearance of neutral lipid and unsaturated fatty acid
s, respectively, from the culture contents over time using a first-order mo
del. The rate of lipolysis of soybean oil declined from 44%/h to less than
30%/h as the percentage of soybean oil in the culture substrate increased f
rom 2 to 10%. The overall rate of biohydrogenation of C-18:2 was 14.3%/h, b
ut declined 1.2 %/h for each percentage unit increase in C18:2 added to the
substrate. Compared with C18:2, the rates of biohydrogenation of C-18:1 we
re generally lower (averaged 3.6 %/h) for all fat sources. The rate of bioh
ydrogenation of C-18:2 in soybean oil was not affected by the amount of gra
in or fat fed to the donor cow, or the time after feeding that ruminal inoc
ulum was collected. Based on these findings, high linoleic acid concentrati
ons in the diet would possibly reduce biohydrogenation and increase the pos
t-ruminal flow of this unsaturated fatty acid. Also, lipolysis may vary con
siderably due to amount and source of lipid added to the diet, but this has
little influence on the initial disappearance rates of linoleic or oleic a
cids from ruminal contents.