Evidence of hypercoagulability in dogs with parvoviral enteritis

Objective-To determine whether dogs with naturally occurring canine parvovi ral (CPV) enteritis have laboratory evidence of hypercoagulability. Design-Case-control study. Animals-9 dogs with naturally occurring CPV enteritis and 9 age-matched con trol dogs. Procedure-Blood was collected from all dogs within 24 hours of admission fo r thromboelastography (TEG) and determination of activated partial thrombop lastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT), antithrombin III (AT) activity, and fibrinogen concentration. Fibrin-fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) c oncentration, D-dimer concentration, and platelet count were obtained in do gs with CPV enteritis only. Records were reviewed for evidence of thrombosi s or phlebitis. Results-All 9 dogs with CPV enteritis had evidence of hypercoagulability, d etermined on the basis of significantly increased TEG maximum amplitude and decreased AT activity. Fibrinogen concentration was significantly higher i n dogs with CPV enteritis than in control dogs. The aPTT was moderately pro longed in dogs with CPV enteritis, and FDP concentration was < 5 mg/ml in 7 of 9 dogs. No dogs had a measurable D-dimer concentration. Platelet counts were within reference range. Four of 9 dogs had clinical evidence of venou s thrombosis or phlebitis associated with catheters. One dog had multifocal splenic thrombosis identified at necropsy. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Dogs with CPV enteritis have a high prev alence of clinical thrombosis or phlebitis and laboratory evidence of hyper coagulability without disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. Thromboelast ography may help identify hypercoagulable states in dogs.