Picosecond optical nonlinearity in monolayer-protected gold, silver, and gold-silver alloy nanoclusters

Monolayer-protected Au, Ag, and Au:Ag alloy nanoclusters have been synthesi zed using octanethiol and octadecanethiol as capping agents. The particle-s ize distribution is narrow with an average core size of 3-4 nm. Optical non linearity induced by 35 ps pulses at 532 nm has been investigated in these samples using the Z-scan technique. It is found that in general, they behav e either as saturable absorbers or reverse saturable absorbers depending on the intensity of excitation. Au and Ag clusters show nearly the same effic iency for optical limiting, but the alloy clusters are found to be less eff icient in limiting and are less photostable. The observed effects are expla ined in terms of the electron dynamics of the excited-state species.