The dependence of the mode optical gain on current in InAs/InGaAs quantum-d
ot structures grown by the method of molecular-beam epitaxy is obtained fro
m the experimental study of ultra-low-threshold laser diodes. The record lo
west inversion threshold at room temperature was about 13 A cm(-2). A theor
etical model is proposed that relates the optical gain to the ground-state
transitions in quantum dots. The effective gain cross section is estimated
to be similar to 7 x 10(-15) cm(-2).