Jm. Cerda-reverter et al., Molecular evolution of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) family of peptides: cloning of three NPY-related peptides from the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), REGUL PEPT, 95(1-3), 2000, pp. 25-34
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino-acid peptide that is widely and abundant
ly expressed in the central nervous system of all vertebrates investigated.
Related peptides have been found in various vertebrate groups: peptide YY
(PYY) is present in gut endocrine cells of many species and pancreatic poly
peptide (PP) is made in thr pancreas of all tetrapods. In addition, a fish
pancreatic peptide called PY has been reported in three species of fishes.
The evolutionary relationships of fish PY have been unclear and it has been
proposed to be the orthologue (species homologue) of each of the three tet
rapod peptides. We demonstrate here with molecular cloning techniques that
the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), an acanthomorph fish, has orthologues
of both NPY and PYY as well as a separate PY peptide. Sequence comparisons
suggest that PY arose as a copy of the PYY gene, presumably in a duplicatio
n event separate from the one that generated PP from PYY in tetrapods. PY s
equences from four species of fish indicate that, similar to PP, PY evolves
much more rapidly than NFY and PYY. The physiological role of PY is unknow
n, but we demonstrate here that sea bass PY, like NPY and PYY but in contra
st to the tetrapod PP, is expressed in brain. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V
. All rights reserved.