Ureteroscopic management of patients with upper tract transitional cell carcinoma

Endoscopic therapy for the management of upper urinary tract TCC: is mainly indicated for patients with an anatomically or functionally solitary kidne y, renal insufficiency, bilateral tumors, or severe medical comorbidity. It may be a reasonable alternative to distal ureterectomy with bladder-cuff r esection in individuals with low-grade superficial distal ureteral tumors. Although use of this approach has been suggested for treating standard pati ents with low-grade, low stage collecting system tumors, this recommendatio n should not be embraced until more supporting evidence is generated.