Retrieval of lost medial rectus muscles with a combined ophthalmologic andotolaryngologic surgical approach

PURPOSE: To report retrieval of a medial rectus muscle completely detached from the globe and lost in the orbital tissue in four eyes. METHOD: A lost medial rectus muscle was retrieved in four eyes of four pati ents with either a transcutaneous medial orbitotomy approach or a transnasa l endoscopic ethmoid sinus approach. RESULTS: The lost medial rectus muscle was successfully retrieved in all fo ur patients. One patient lost the medial rectus muscle secondary to trauma, and the other three cases resulted from complications of strabismus surger y. The mean preoperative angle of exotropia was 44 prism diopters, The endo scopic approach was attempted in three patients, and the medial rectus musc le was successfully found in two of these patients. In one case in which th e endoscopic approach was used, an image guidance system was used to aid in finding the lost medial rectus muscle. The endoscopic approach was abandon ed in one case in which the medial rectus muscle could not be identified af ter extensive searching, but the muscle was subsequently found by means of the trans cutaneous medial orbitotomy approach. A transcutaneous medial orb itotomy alone was used to find the lost medial rectus muscle in one of the cases. The postoperative ocular deviation for primary position at distance fixation was a mean of 24 prism diopters of exotropia. With one additional operation in two patients, the mean ocular deviation was less than 12 prism diopters. CONCLUSION: We successfully retrieved a lost medial rectus muscle in four p atients with the use of nontraditional strabismus surgical techniques. We e ffectively combined techniques taken from both ophthalmology and otorhinola ryngology to help solve this difficult problem. (C) 2000 by Elsevier Scienc e Inc. All rights reserved.