Long term survival of elderly amputated vascular patients.

The object of this study was to assess the 10 year outcome of patients over 70 years of age who underwent amputation for vascular diseases. The second ary objective was to determine the prognostic risk factors. One hundred and four consecutive patients having undergone a leg (16 cases) or through-thigh amputation (88 cases) were reviewed. The average age at t he time of surgery was 80.7 years (+/- 6.5 years, range 70-98 years). At th e time of the enquiry, there were 4 survivors (operated on average 107.7 mo nths previously +/- 14.6 months). The survival rates at one, six, twelve mo nths and two years were 74.1%, 48.1%, 38.5% and 27% respectively. The mean survival time was 19.2 months with a median of 6 months. Univariate analysis showed the following criteria to be statistically corre lated with a poor prognosis : female gender (p = 0.008), previous psychiatr ic disease (p = 0.007), cachexia (p = 0.004), age of 80 or over (p = 0.025) , absence of diabetes (p = 0.025). Multivariate analysis showed that men ha d a lower risk of death (RR : 0.591 - 95% CI :0.394-0.888 p = 0.011). The c omparison of subjects who died during the first year with the survivors, sh owed a deleterious effect of proximal amputations (p = 0.032) and absence o f diabetes (p = 0,021). These results confirm the very mediocre prognosis of elderly amputated vasc ular patients during the first postoperative year. Thereafter, the outlook is not as bad. Female gender would seem to be a poor prognostic factor wher eas the presence of diabetes could identify a subgroup with a better outloo k.