Human-to-human transmission of Entamoeba histolytica is rare in industriali
zed countries. We describe an outbreak of amebiasis in a family in The Neth
erlands, demonstrating that even with Western standards of hygiene, persist
ent cyst passage may result in the transmission of E. histolytica to househ
old contacts. If E. histolytica is isolated from a person living in an area
of nonendemicity, it may be worthwhile to test all family members for cyst
passage.