Probabilistic properties of GNSS integer ambiguity estimation

Successful integer estimation of carrier phase ambiguities of Global Naviga tion Satellite Systems (GNSS) is the key to many high precision positioning applications. In order to describe the quality of the positioning results rigorously, one needs to know the probabilistic properties of both the inte ger and noninteger parameters in the GNSS model. In this contribution these probability distributions are presented and discussed. The probability mas s function of the integer ambiguities is needed to evaluate the ambiguity s uccess rate and the distribution of the GNSS baseline is needed to evaluate the relevant confidence regions for positioning.