Kinetic and computational study of dissociative substitution and phosphineexchange at tetrahedrally distorted cis-Pt(SiMePh2)(2)(PMe2Ph)(2)

The substitution kinetics of Me2PhP in cis-Pt(SiMePh2)(2)(PMe2Ph)(2) (1) by the chelating ligand bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane has been followed at 25. 0 degreesC in dichloromethane by stopped-flow spectrophotometry. Addition o f the leaving ligand causes mass-law retardation compatible with a dissocia tive process via a three-coordinate transition state or intermediate. Excha nge of Me2PhP in 1 has been studied by variable-temperature magnetization t ransfer H-1 NMR in toluene-d(delta), giving K-ex(326) = 1.76 +/- 0.12 s(-1) , Delta H (not asymptotic to) = 117.8 +/- 2.1 kJ mol(-1), and DeltaS(not as ymptotic to) = 120 +/- 7 J K-1 mol(-1). An exchange rate constant independe nt of the concentrations of free phosphine, a strongly positive DeltaS(not asymptotic to), and nearly equal exchange and ligand dissociation rate cons tants also support a dissociative process. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations for a dissociative process give an estimate for the Pt-P bond energy of 98 kJ mol(-1) for R = R' = Me, which is in reasonable agreement w ith the experimental activation energy given the differences between the su bstituents used in the calculation and those employed experimentally. DFT c alculations on ciS-Pt(PR3)(2)(SiR'(3))(2) (R = H, CH3; R' = H, CH3) are con sistent with the experimental molecular structure and show that methyl subs tituents on the Si donors are sufficient to induce the observed tetrahedral twist. The optimized Si-Pt-Si angle in ciS-Pt(SiH3)(2)(PH3)(2) is not sign ificantly altered by changing the P-Pt-P angle from its equilibrium value o f 104 degrees to 80 degrees or 120 degrees. The origin of the tetrahedral t wist is therefore not steric but electronic. The Si-Pt-Si angle is consiste ntly less than 90 degrees, but the Si-Si distance is still too long to supp ort an incipient reductive elimination reaction with its attendant Si-Si bo nding interaction. Instead, it appears that four tertiary ligands introduce a steric strain which can be decreased by a twist of two of the Ligands ou t of the plane; this twist is only possible when two strong a donors are ci s to each other, causing a change in the metal's hybridization.