The effect of singing while listening on undergraduate music majors' ability to detect pitch and rhythm errors

The purpose of this study was to examine upper level undergraduate music ed ucation majors' (N=41) ability to detect pitch and rhythm errors while sing ing selected parts in one, two-, and three-part familiar excerpts. Two musi c excerpts functioned as sources from which two stimulus tapes were develop ed for use as error detection pre- and posttests. For each excerpt, nine mu sic examples were devised, three one-part examples, three two-part examples , and three 3-part examples. Music examples were edited to include a total of 54 purposeful errors of pitch and rhythm.