Low cost undulator magnets for industrial free electron masers

At the University of Liverpool we are developing free electron masers <100 kV as a power source for industrial microwave applications. In order to be considered practical, such a device needs to have a cost comparable with co nventional sources of microwave power. To achieve this we required an undul ator magnet design which was considerably less expensive than the designs n ormally used in research-based free electron lasers and free electron maser s. This paper describes techniques used to successfully construct low cost undulator magnets. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.