The anatomy and biomechanics of the acromioclavicular (AC) joint have been
understood for a long time; however,the importance of this joint in the cli
nical setting is often underestimated. During clinical examination various
sensitive functional tests can document any AC pathology. For X-ray documen
tation special techniques are necessary. Other imaging techniques are rarel
y indicated.
The Rockwood classification for AC joint separation has increased our under
standing of the pathology, which, in turn,leads to a better understanding o
f conservative and surgical therapy. Within the last few decades surgical t
reatment has shifted from AC to coracoclavicular stabilization. In patients
with clinically relevant degenerative joint disease, resection of the late
ral clavicle has proved to be a reproducible procedure.
This operation can be performed using the conventional, open technique or w
ith a minimally invasive procedure (arthroscopic resection of the AC joint;
ARAC). In unstable joints, resection should be combined with a stabilizati
on procedure.