Biosensors based on immobilization of biomolecules by electrogenerated polymer films - New perspectives

The concept and potentialities of electrochemical procedures of biomolecule immobilization are described. The entrapment of biomolecules within electr opolymerized films consists of the application of an appropriate potential to an electrode soaked in an aqueous solution containing monomer and biomol ecules. This method of biosensor construction is compared with a two-step p rocedure based on the adsorption of an aqueous amphiphilic pyrrole monomer- biomolecule mixture on an electrode followed by the electropolymerization o f the adsorbed monomers. Another approach is based on the electrogeneration of polymer films functionalized by specific groups allowing subsequently t he attachment of biomolecules. The immobilization of biomolecules on these films by covalent binding or noncovalent interactions is described.