ABBREVIATED SCALE FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHOSOCIAL STATUS IN PREGNANCY - DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION

Background. Data from five existing psychosocial scales were used to d evelop an abbreviated scale for the assessment of psychosocial status during pregnancy. Methods. Scales were self-administered by 842 black and 381 white low-income multiparous women at risk for poor pregnancy outcome. Trait anxiety (Speilberger), self-esteem (Rosenberg), mastery (Pearlin), and depression (CES-D) were assessed at 24-26 weeks' gesta tion; subjective stress (Schar) was assessed at 30-32 weeks' gestation . The 59 pooled items were examined for redundancy and the discernment of primary factors using principal factor analysis. Regression analys is was used to determine if the resulting abbreviated scale (28 items) would provide information similar to that obtained with the 59 item p ool (full scale) in predicting gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW) , fetal growth restriction (FGR), and preterm delivery (PTD). Results. The abbreviated scale was highly correlated (r = 0.97) with the 59-it em pool and the six factors isolated were generally compatible with th e major characteristics assessed by the five original scales. The dist ribution of FGR and PTD by scale quartile was similar for the abbrevia ted and the combined scales. Logistic regression analysis of scores fo r all women revealed that poor (high) scores on both the full (p = 0.0 151) and the abbreviated scales (p = 0.0131) were positively associate d with FGR, but not with PTD. In linear regression analysis poor (high ) scores on both the full (p = 0.0024) and the abbreviated scale (p = 0.0019) were negatively related to BW, but not to GA. When data for bl ack and white women were examined separately, the two scares provided comparable information. Conclusions. The abbreviated psychosocial. sca le provided information similar to that obtained with 59 pooled items in predicting GA, BW, FGR, and PTD.