Intrinsic lesions of arterial walls are an important manifestation of neuro
fibromatosis 1 (NF1). Neurofibromin is expressed in blood vessel endothelia
l and smooth muscle cells, and NF1 vasculopathy may result from an alterati
on of neurofibromin function in these cells. Elucidation of the role of neu
rofibromin in the maintenance and repair of blood vessels may lead to novel
approaches to the treatment of NF1 vasculopathy and vascular disease in ge
neral.