M. Krachler et H. Emons, Extraction of antimony and arsenic from fresh and freeze-dried plant samples as determined by HG-AAS, FRESEN J AN, 368(7), 2000, pp. 702-707
Six extraction media (acetic acid, EDTA, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, NaOH
, MeOH/H2O, acetonitrile/H2O) were tested for their ability to extract anti
mony (Sb) and arsenic (As) from freeze-dried poplar leaves, pine shoots and
spruce shoots, as well as from a peat matrix. Additionally, the extraction
efficiency of Sb and As in fresh and freeze-dried elder leaves and poplar
leaves was compared. Total concentrations of Sb and As of aliquots (similar
to 220 mg) of the freeze-dried samples were analysed by flow injection hyd
ride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (m-HG-AAS) after open vessel
digestion with adequate mixtures of nitric, sulfuric, hydrochloric, and pe
rchloric acid. Three reference materials GBW 07602 Bush Branches and Leaves
, GBW 07604 Poplar Leaves, and SRM 1575 Pine Needles were analysed with eve
ry batch of samples to ensure the accuracy and precision of the applied ana
lytical procedures. The use of hydrofluoric acid in the digestion mixture l
eads to distinctly lower As values (down to 40%) than actual concentrations
in the investigated plant materials. Extraction efficiencies were generall
y low and lower for Sb than for As. Solutions of 0.66 mol L-1 NaOH liberate
d highest amounts of Sb with similar to 10% for poplar leaves, and similar
to 19% each for pine shoots and spruce shoots. Distinctly higher concentrat
ions of As in NaOH extracts of poplar leaves (22%), pine shoots (32%), and
spruce shoots (36%) were quantified. Extraction experiments resulted in yie
lds of 7-9% from fresh elder and poplar leaves, respectively, and 8-13% for
freeze-dried samples for Sb. The corresponding values for As were 10-35% f
or the fresh material and 7-37% for the freeze-dried samples.