Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) as predictors of depression among Japanese college students

To examine the predictive power of Cloninger's psychobiology model of depre ssion, 167 Japanese college students were studied on two occasions, with an interval of approximately three months. At Time 1 (T1). the Temperament an d Character inventory (TCI) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were dis tributed. At Time 2 (T2), the SDS was distributed again. The T2 SDS score w as positively correlated with Harm Avoidance and negatively correlated with Reward Dependence and Self-directedness at T1. However. after controlling for the T1 SDS score, the T2 SDS score was predicted only by T1 Self-direct edness. These data suggest that lower Self-directedness can be predictive o f depression, whereas higher Harm Avoidance and lower Reward Dependence are state-dependent. (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons. Inc.