M. Naito et al., Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) as predictors of depression among Japanese college students, J CLIN PSYC, 56(12), 2000, pp. 1579-1585
To examine the predictive power of Cloninger's psychobiology model of depre
ssion, 167 Japanese college students were studied on two occasions, with an
interval of approximately three months. At Time 1 (T1). the Temperament an
d Character inventory (TCI) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were dis
tributed. At Time 2 (T2), the SDS was distributed again. The T2 SDS score w
as positively correlated with Harm Avoidance and negatively correlated with
Reward Dependence and Self-directedness at T1. However. after controlling
for the T1 SDS score, the T2 SDS score was predicted only by T1 Self-direct
edness. These data suggest that lower Self-directedness can be predictive o
f depression, whereas higher Harm Avoidance and lower Reward Dependence are
state-dependent. (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons. Inc.