Preparation and conformation of octaethylbiphenylene

Dimerization of tetraethylbenzyne (generated by reaction of 1,2-dibromo-3,4 ,5,6-tetraethylbenzene (8) with 1 equiv of BuLi) afforded in low yield octa ethylbiphenylene (3), together with a major product which was characterized as 2,3,4,5,3',4',5'-heptaethyl-2'-vinylbiphenyl (9). X-ray diffraction ind icates that biphenylene 3 adopts in the crystal a conformation of approxima te C-2h symmetry with the ethyl groups within each phenylene ring arranged in an alternated up-down fashion. Notably, pairs of vicinal ethyl groups lo cated at peri positions are oriented in a syn arrangement in the crystal. L ow temperature NMR spectroscopy is consistent with the presence in solution of either the crystal conformation or a fully alternated conformation lack ing any syn interaction. Molecular mechanics (MM3), semiempirical (AM1, PM3 ), and ab initio: calculations indicate that the crystal conformation is a high energy-form, and that the lowest. energy conformation is the fully alt ernated form. The topomerization barrier of the. methylene protons of the-e thyl groups of 3 is 9.4 +/- 0.1 kcal mol(-1), which is between the rotation al barriers of 8 and 1,2,3,4-tetraethylbenzene 7 (9.9 +/- 0.1 and 8.2 +/- 0 .1 kcal mol(-1), respectively). The similarity in rotational barriers sugge sts that a given tetraethylphenylene subunit does not markedly affect the r otational barrier:of the ethyl groups of the other subunit.