P. Kirschner et al., THE DESIGN OF A STUDY ENVIRONMENT FOR ACQUIRING ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE, Studies in higher education, 22(2), 1997, pp. 151-171
This article sets out, by incorporating notions drawn from cognitive,
constructivist and action psychology, a foundation for the design of a
learning environment for the acquisition of competence. it does not m
ake exclusive use of any one school of thought, but synthesises a numb
er of notions and insights from each of the schools into an integrated
approach to the education of competent professionals. The outcome of
this synthesis is a model for a study environment which is composed of
a knowledge environment and a task environment. The model aims to sen
sitise teachers and educational designers and developers to the variou
s elements that distinguish training in competence from mere 'skills t
raining'.