Aesthetic plastic surgery has received nide public attention in the past fe
w years. Expectations of patients regarding results have been exaggerated;
the real place and medical importance of the procedures are still not clear
because of a lack of more objective evidence. This study discusses the dif
ficulties encountered related to the scientific evaluation of the aesthetic
operations and proposes alternatives for assessment. A frequently performe
d procedure, reduction mammaplasty, is presented as an example, with its sp
ecific evaluation.