Ed. Laywell et al., Identification of a multipotent astrocytic stem cell in the immature and adult mouse brain, P NAS US, 97(25), 2000, pp. 13883-13888
Citations number
28
Categorie Soggetti
Multidisciplinary
Journal title
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
The mammalian brain contains a population of neural stem cells (NSC) that c
an both self-renew and generate progeny along the three lineage pathways of
the central nervous system (CNS), but the in vivo identification and local
ization of NSC in the postnatal CNS has proved elusive. Recently, separate
studies have implicated ciliated ependymal (CE) cells, and special subepend
ymal zone (SEZ) astrocytes as candidates for NSC in the adult brain. In the
present study, we have examined the potential of these two NSC candidates
to form multipotent spherical clones-neurospheres-in vitro. We conclude tha
t CE cells are unipotent and give rise only to cells within the glia cell l
ineage, although they are capable of forming spherical clones when cultured
in isolation. In contrast, astrocyte monolayers from the cerebral cortex,
cerebellum, spinal cord, and SEZ can form neurospheres that give rise both
to neurons and glia. However, the ability to form neurospheres is restricte
d to astrocyte monolayers derived during the first 2 postnatal wk, except f
or SEZ astrocytes, which retain this capacity in the mature forebrain. We c
onclude that environmental factors, simulated by certain in vitro condition
s, transiently confer NSC-like attributes on astrocytes during a critical p
eriod in CNS development.