Medical interventions focus on causation and disease processes, while rehab
ilitation, including most elements of physical therapy, is concerned with t
he consequences of disease. Its goals are to reduce symptoms, improve funct
ion and minimize disability. In rheumatology, the rehabilitation perspectiv
e mainly concerns patients with back pain, soft tissue and age-related musc
uloskeletal problems. In inflammatory diseases, anatomical and functional r
ehabilitation management includes joint protection, the maintenance of phys
ical fitness and the prevention of impairment. This chapter will focus on e
ssential therapeutic options and strategies in the rehabilitation of rheuma
tic disorders. It includes the evidence-based description of measurement in
struments, joint mobilization, muscle techniques and physical modalities.