C. Spillane et al., Interaction of the Arabidopsis Polycomb group proteins FIE and MEA mediates their common phenotypes, CURR BIOL, 10(23), 2000, pp. 1535-1538
Genes of the FERTILISATION INDEPENDENT SEED (FIS) class regulate cell proli
feration during reproductive development in Arabidopsis [1-5], The FIS gene
s FERTILISATION INDEPENDENT ENDOSPERM (FIE) and MEDEA (MEA) encode homologs
of animal Polycomb group (Pc-G) proteins, transcriptional regulators that
modify chromatin structure and are thought to form multimeric complexes [3-
11]. To test whether similarities in fis mutant phenotypes reflect interact
ions between their protein products, we characterised FIE RNA and protein l
ocalisation in vivo, and FIE protein interactions in yeast and in vitro. Ex
pression of FIE mRNA overlaps with that of MEA during embryo sac and seed d
evelopment and is unaffected in mea mutants. Results from the yeast two-hyb
rid system and an in vitro pull-down assay indicate that MEA and FIE protei
ns interact, The relevance of this interaction in vivo is supported by the
finding that FIE and MEA co-localise in the nucleus in transfected plant ce
lls. Interaction of MEA and FIE is mediated by the amino-terminal region of
MEA. Despite sequence divergence in this domain, MEA can interact with its
corresponding animal partner Extra sex combs (ESC) in the yeast two-hybrid
system. We conclude that FIE and MEA act together as part of a multimeric
complex and that this accounts for the similarities in mutant phenotypes. W
e propose that an ancient mechanism for chromatin modification has been ind
ependently recruited to different developmental processes in the two kingdo
ms.