Civil wars always end, but usually they restart. Globally, within the first
ten years of the end of a conflict, 31% of them have resumed. African conf
licts are even more prone to restart than the global average: half of Afric
an peace restorations last less than a decade. By applying theoretical fram
eworks to newly developed data sets of conflict, we find that the high inci
dence of peace collapse in Africa is not inevitable. To date, policies on t
he part of both the international community and post-conflict governments h
ave been highly inefficient. Thus with better policies, the risk of peace c
ollapse after African civil wars can be radically reduced. We outline some
strategies that can assist war-to-peace transition in Africa.