Phantom-training courses in Tubingen

Almost 2000 surgeons have taken part in training programmes for minimally-i nvasive surgery in our department since 1989. Different operations are simu lated in training phantoms. Intensive development work has led to the produ ction of human body forms in which animal tissue from the slaughterhouse is integrated, to mimic realistic human anatomy. Quality control and inquirie s showed good learning curves and high acceptance of the training method am ong participants.