Fomepizole treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning in an infant

The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase metabolizes ingested ethylene glycol (EG) to the toxic compounds glycolic and oxalic acids. Renal failure, acidosis, hypocalcemia, and death may follow. Traditional treatment of EG poisoning m ay require ethanol, a competitive substrate of alcohol dehydrogenase, and h emodialysis, that removes both EG and its toxic metabolites. A new alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor, fomepizole (4-methylpyrazole), was approved in 199 7 for patients at least 12 years old with suspected or confirmed EG poisoni ng. Fomepizole has not been studied adequately in the pediatric population. We present a case of an 8-month-old male infant who drank up to 120 mL of EG a nd developed acidosis and oxalate crystalluria. He was treated with fomepiz ole and hemodialysis. Even after the completion of hemodialysis, fomepizole appeared to effectively block the production of EG toxic metabolites and t o allow the resolution of acidosis; the patient recovered within 48 hours. This is the first report of fomepizole treatment of EG poisoning in an infa nt.