New clarion electrode with positioner: Insertion studies

A new straight thin electrode array (universal electrode) was designed to b e used together with a positioner, which will place the electrode array at the medial wall (modiolus) of the cochlea. The study objectives were to dem onstrate safety and ease of insertion, tissue trauma, electrode position, a nd depth for universal and standard electrodes in human temporal bones; to test functional properties in cats; and to determine the surgical procedure and electrophysiological benefits in a clinical study. The cadaver study d emonstrated the ease of insertion for the universal electrode and the posit ioner without tissue damage. An average gain of insertion depth of 180 degr ees was achieved with the positioner. Animal studies demonstrated a reducti on in threshold of 6 dB for the electrical auditory brain stem response (EA BR). Neither additional cochlear damage nor additional connective tissue fo rmation was found. The intraoperative human study findings showed a marked reduction of threshold for both EABR and stapedius reflex thresholds. Imped ances were increased. Plain x-rays demonstrated modiolus proximity of the e lectrode with the positioner. The new Clarion electrode with positioner is a relatively safe design for providing modiolus proximity. The electrophysi ological benefits include reduction of threshold and power consumption.