Pericarditis is an uncommon manifestation of infection of Neisseria meningi
tidis. Pericarditis may be caused by direct invasion or immune-complex-medi
ated (reactive) inflammation. We outline the case of a two-year-old girl wi
th probable reactive pericarditis, review the cases reported in the English
literature since 1966 and discuss the pathogenesis of meningococcal perica
rditis.