This case report describes transient neonatal Behcet's disease, with l
ife-threatening complications in the neonate. Male Baby R developed bl
ood-streaked diarrhoea 5 days after birth, followed by recurrent sever
e scarring orogenital ulceration and vasculitic skin lesions. In his s
ixth week of life, he developed strider leading to a respiratory arres
t and necessitating assisted ventilation. No infective cause was isola
ted. Baby R responded well to i.v. and subsequent oral steroid therapy
. At 8 weeks old he had fully recovered and remains well. Baby R's mot
her was not previously known to have Behcet's disease. During the preg
nancy, she be an to suffer orogenital ulceration, associated with skin
lesions typical of Behcet's disease. Mild orogenital ulceration has b
ecome recurrent.