Positive influence of head mounted displays on spine movements of surgeonsin laparoscopic surgery

The visual display technology in endoscopic surgery on a television screen can lead to a divergence of working and view direction of the surgeon. This can produce uncomfortable spine movements. Head mounted displays (HMD) all ow the surgeon to coordinate view and working site. We investigated the inf luence on spine movements of both different visualization displays. 4 surge ons absolved 4 standardised practices in a training black box with a standa rd operating monitor and a HMD. Angle movements of the spine in all three p lanes were detected continuously with an inclinometer. In two of the practi ces Forward/backward- and lateral bending was lesser with a higher incidenc e of resting position in the HMD group. Depending on the type of endoscopic task performed the projection technique in laparoscopic surgery can positi vely influence the spine movements of the surgeons.