Influenza virus and rhinovirus-related otitis media: potential for antiviral intervention

Adults frequently develop eustachian tube dysfunction and middle ear pressu re (MEP) abnormalities during natural and experimental influenza and human rhinovirus (HRV) infections. Oral rimantadine treatment did not reduce the otologic manifestations of experimental influenza in adults or natural infl uenza in children. However, intranasal zanamivir and oral oseltamivir signi ficantly reduced MEP abnormalities during experimental influenza in adults, and oseltamivir treatment appears to reduce the likelihood of otitis media in children with acute influenza. Investigational anti-HRV agents, includi ng intranasal tremacamra, intranasal AG7088, and oral pleconaril, warrant s tudy in this regard. Depending on the virus, early antiviral therapy has th e potential to impact the risk of otitis media following respiratory tract infections. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.