Sciatic nerve resection in the thigh - A functional evaluation

Patients with a soft tissue malignancy involving the sciatic nerve who pres ent with neurologic loss generally are advised to have an amputation. Twent y patients who underwent limb-sparing procedures with complete resection of the sciatic nerve as treatment for neurofibrosarcomas (12 patients), lipos arcomas (four patients), malignant fibrous histiocytomas (two patients), re current desmoid tumor (one patient), and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma ( one patient) were reviewed retrospectively. The mean age of these nine wome n and 11 men at the time of surgery was 51 years (range, 28-84 years). The right sciatic nerve was affected in 12 patients. These tumors were large an d high grade. A mean of 22 cm of the nerve had to be resected (range, 8-42 cm). Ten patients received preoperative radiotherapy and 16 patients had in traoperative or postoperative radiotherapy. At a mean followup of 35 months (range, 7-97 months), 14 of the 20 patients were alive. Two patients had l ocal recurrences develop (10%), whereas 12 patients had distant metastases. The function of the 10 patients as assessed by the Toronto Extremity Salva ge Score averaged 74%. Most patients indicated that walking in the house is not difficult, but walking is compromised as soon as an effort is needed. Four patients walk without a cane, four needed one cane, and two needed two canes. The patients experienced stiffness, a sense of numbness, and premat ure fatigue. The use of analgesics was infrequent. Generally, patients rate d themselves to be mildly to moderately disabled. From this small number of patients, it is shown that a tumor involving the sciatic nerve can be trea ted by limb-sparing surgery, including complete nerve resection, as an alte rnative to hip disarticulation or hindquarter amputation because the limb s alvage option provides an acceptable functional outcome.