Density-functional theory has provided a robust and practical framework for
microscopic calculations of electronic structure and atomic bonding in con
densed matter. On the microscopic level, it is being extended to situations
such as nonconventional bonds, dielectrics, time-dependent phenomena, exci
tations, and novel magnetic systems. It is also being incorporated into mul
tiscale modelling by coupling it to coarse-grained and continuum simulation
s of materials. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.