The need for more or less space is a common laboratory problem. Solutions m
ay include renovating existing space, leaving or demolishing old space, or
acquiring new space or property for building. All of these options carry po
tential environmental risk. Such risk can be the result of activities relat
ed to the laboratory facility or property (e.g., asbestos, underground stor
age tanks, lead paint), or the research associated with it (e.g., radioacti
ve, microbiological, and chemical contamination). Regardless of the option
chosen to solve the space problem, the potential environmental risk must be
mitigated and the laboratory space and/or property must be decommissioned
or rendered safe prior to any renovation, demolition, or property transfer
activities. Not mitigating the environmental risk through a decommissioning
process can incur significant financial liability for any costs associated
with future decommissioning cleanup activities. Out of necessity, a functi
oning system, environmental due diligence auditing, has evolved over time t
o assess environmental risk and reduce associated financial liability. This
system involves a 4-phase approach to identify, document, manage, and clea
n up areas of environmental concern or liability, including contamination.
Environmental due diligence auditing includes a) historical site assessment
, b) characterization assessment, c) remedial effort and d) final status su
rvey. General practice standards from the American Society for Testing and
Materials are available for conducting the first two phases. However, stand
ards have not yet been developed for conducting the third and final phases
of the environmental due diligence auditing process. Individuals involved i
n laboratory decommissioning work in the biomedical research industry consi
der this a key weakness.