Effects of diclofenac or ketorolac on the inhibitory activity of cidofovirin the Ad5/NZW rabbit model

PURPOSE. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of concurrent therapy with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the antiviral activity of cidofovir on adenovirus replication and the formation of subep ithelial infiltrates in the Ad5/New Zealand White rabbit ocular model. METHODS. According to two protocols, 20 rabbits were inoculated in both eye s with Ad5 topically to study adenovirus replication, and 20 rabbits were i noculated in both eyes topically and intrastromally to study the formation of subepithelial infiltrates. Animals were randomized to four masked treatm ent groups: group I, 0.5% cidofovir + artificial tears; group II, 0.5% cido fovir + 0.5% ketorolac tromethamine; group III, 0.5% cidofovir + 0.1% diclo fenac sodium; and group IV, control + artificial tears. Cidofovir and contr ol were administered to both eyes twice daily for 7 days, and artificial te ars, ketorolac, and diclofenac four times daily for 14 days. Eyes were cult ured on days 0, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 14. RESULTS. Compared with the control group, all cidofovir-treated groups demo nstrated significant antiviral effects on adenovirus replication. There wer e no differences in adenovirus replication among the cidofovir-treated grou ps (I, II, and III), nor were there any differences among all groups (I-IV) in the formation of subepithelial infiltrates. CONCLUSIONS. Concurrent treatment of ketorolac or diclofenac with cidofovir did not diminish its antiviral inhibitory activity on adenovirus replicati on, nor did it prevent the formation of subepithelial infiltrates in the ra bbit model.