Dynamic holography for optical interconnections. II. Routing holograms with predictable location and intensity of each diffraction order

An analysis of dynamic phase-only holograms, described by fractional notati on and recorded onto a pixelated spatial light modulator (SLM) in a reconfi gurable optical beam-steering switch, is presented. The phase quantization and arrangement of the phase states and the SLM pixelation and dead-space e ffects are decoupled, expressed analytically, and simulated numerically. Th e phase analysis with a skip-rotate rule reveals the location and intensity of each diffraction order at the digital replay stage. The optical reconst ruction of the holograms recorded onto SLM's with rectangular pixel apertur es entails sine-squared scaling, which further reduces the intensity of eac h diffraction order. With these two factors taken into account, the highest values of the nonuniform first-order diffraction efficiencies are expected to be 33%, 66%, and 77% for two-, four-, and and eight-level one-dimension al holograms with a 90% linear pixel fill factor. The variation of the firs t-order diffraction efficiency and the relative replay intensities were ver ified to within 1 dB by performing the optical reconstruction of binary pha se-only holograms recorded onto a ferroelectric liquid crystal on a silicon SLM. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America.