Interpretations of retrograde amnesia: old problems redux

Recent evidence indicates thai an old memory reactivated by cueing becomes labile and vulnerable to an amnesic treatment. Although the 'reconsolidatio n' concept derived from these findings challenges the traditional consolida tion theory, here we argue that the new concept suffers from some of the sa me limitations as the earlier model. We propose an alternative retrieval-ba sed theory that accommodates the recent data, as well as other puzzling rel ated observations.