Cg. Ingersoll et al., Evaluation of toxicity: Whole-sediment versus overlying-water exposures with amphipod Hyalella azteca, ENV TOX CH, 19(12), 2000, pp. 2906-2910
A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the toxicity of whole-sediment
versus overlying-water exposures to the amphipod Hyalella azteca using fie
ld-collected sediments. Severe toxic effects (5-63% survival) were observed
with amphipods exposed for 10 d in direct contact with sediment. In contra
st, amphipods exposed only to overlying water in these sediment exposures d
id not exhibit any toxic effects.