Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder - Presentation of 23 cases andreview of 134 published cases

Objective: To investigate the morphological diagnostic criteria and biology of the urinary bladder small cell carcinoma (SCC). Methods: Study of 23 cases of bladder SCC, looking for the clinical present ation, pathological features and evolution, and review of 134 previously pu blished cases. Results: The SCC is infrequent (0.48-1%), 50% of them have areas of transit ional cell carcinoma, supporting the metaplastic theory. The classic small cell morphology is the best diagnostic criterion. The neurone-specific enol ase and chromogranin A are good markers, but not indispensable. An early me tastatic incidence (56%) with a high mortality rate (68.7%), mostly before 2 years after the diagnosis, is the typical evolution. Only the patients wi th additional cis-platinum-based chemotherapy have better prognosis. Conclusion: The pathologist should watch out for the presence of SCC and th e urologist should consider the possibility of combined treatment for these cases. Copyright (C) 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel.