One hundred years of psychoanalytic theory and therapy. Retrospect and prospect

The most basic ideas of psychoanalytic theory were initially enunciated in Josef Breuer's and Sigmund Freud's "Preliminary Communications" of 1893, wh ich introduced their "Studies in Hysteria". Three years later Freud designa ted Breuers method of clinical investigation of patients as a new method of psyche-analysis. By now, the psychoanalytic enterprise has completed its f irst century. Thus, the time has come to take a thorough critical stock of its past performance qua theory of human nature and therapy, as well as to have a look at its prospects.