This study compares levels of engagement in learning activities and gains o
f students at research universities (RUs) and students attending other type
s of colleges and universities in the 1980s and 1990s. Though students at o
ther universities generally outperformed RU students in most areas, the gap
closed somewhat between the mid-80s and mid-90s due in part to declines in
many learning productivity measures at liberal arts colleges and comprehen
sive colleges and universities.