Macrophages are of critical importance in a variety of pathological conditi
ons and selective manipulation of macrophage functions may offer new possib
ilities for therapy. At present, the signalling pathways that control the d
ifferent activities of macrophages, including phagocytosis and inflammatory
mediator production, are being resolved and selective (ant)agonists of the
relevant signalling components will gradually become available. However, t
he activities of such signalling components are generally not restricted to
macrophages and this may result in undesirable effects. We suggest that li
posomes may overcome these problems by allowing the selective targeting of
drugs to the interior of the macrophage in vivo.